shakers logoaPinchOf.com logo 
 

Make the most of culinary herbs and spices.

Home
Articles
Questions and Answers
Links
Send us mail
Free update
About us
Media mentions
Recipe Index
Reference Desk
Books We Like
Poster Store

Our Mini Mall

Help make this site more useful and fun! Write with your ideas or comments.

Building better Web sites through better information. Click here and take our poll!

 

 

 

 

amazon gourmet food link



 

 

 


 









 

 

 

 adverstise on this site link

  

Be sure to see the home page for the most recent questions and answers!

We have answered so many questions over the years that the list below has grown quite long.  Now you can browse the Q&A by the category or subject that interests you the most today.

 The general Q&A bank is below

or click here to go to the Question Quick Find.

 

 Questions and Answers: Click to add new question
Hi. I have a 4ft bay shrub in the garden which I grew from a tiny shoot about 5 years ago. As we changed the patio this spring I unfortunately had to move it in March and although it seemed ok for a while it is now fast developing a white creamy substance over the trunk and onto branches. The leaves especially at the top are turning yellow. It looks quite fungal to me (although I am no expert) and fast moving. I can wipe it off with kitchen paper but the trunk still looks a bit white afterwards. Am also worried our cats might have used the area as a toilet and have affected it. Please help! Thanks! KH
Hmmm, I'm a little stumped here. It could be some sort of cankers although I can't find any that match your description. Could it also be powdery rather than creamy? Powdery mildew is white but usually described as looking sort of like flour or talcum powder. You might want to see if you can get someone to come out and look at it for an accurate diagnosis.
 
Hi-thanks for listening, I've always planted basil from seed every year. This year Chicago weather has been a little off. I planted too early and had to buy a couple of small planters from my local shop. One of the pots has a rose color coming on all of the leaves. From the stem outward. No visible bugs. I have a feeling it is on the way to being brown in a matter of moments. PS - Onions. chives, and tomatoes are doing great on the same patio. CG
This rose color may just be due to the type of basil it is. Many of varieties exist and they often have a purple or reddish hue.
 
I have a punch recipe that calls for 4 cups fresh mint leaves. As I have had NO luck growing mint and a friend of mine has 3 gallon jars of freshly dried mint. Can I use this and would I use the same amount, 4 cups in the recipe? Your help would be greatly appreciated as this is my favorite and I have not been able to make it because of my brown thumb with mint. AS
I would not make this substitution. While you would likely get the same flavor using about half as much of the dried mint as you would fresh, I fear you would end up with lots of unattractive mint shards floating around in the punch and getting hung up on people's teeth.
 
I was wondering, how will I know when my peppermint leaves are ready to use for things like tea, etc? CC
You can pinch the leaves whenever you have enough not to strip the plant. Generally, you want to take no more than one-third of a plant at any given time.
 
I enjoy using lemon basil and my husband is growing it in the herb garden. Can you tell us more about it and perhaps a recipe or two? Thank you. DS
The name says it all as I'm sure you have guessed. You can use it just the way you would use plain basil as long as a lemon taste would not be out of place. Think of it especially for fish and vegetables. I'll bet a quarter cup of the leaves would be a delicious addition to the salad greens in our Shrimp and Spinach Salad with Lemon Vinaigrette Dressing. You might also try lemon basil in place of the lemon balm in our recipe for Snow Peas with Almonds and Lemon Balm.
 
Hello, Can you tell me the difference between roasted red peppers and pomentoes? I make my own pomentoe cheese spread and I couldn't find any pomentoes in the store. Can I use the roasted red peppers instead and have the same flavor? Thank you. JD
Pimentos are the fresh version of paprika and from what I can tell, they are not roasted. A high quality jarred pimento probably has a bit more flavor than a red pepper but the roasting would make it richer so I think you would end up with just about the same thing.
 
Hi there. I just found your website and it has helped a lot. some questions though. First, I have 6 mint plants growing, an applemint, a pineapple mint, two spearmints and two peppermints only my two pots of peppermint look nothing alike one another and same with my spearmint. Do I just have a different branch of mint or are they totally different species? One of them has small, dark green, more ovate leaves while the other is a lighter green and has more jagged leaves. Any ideas? Second question, I'm growing my mint in pots as I don't want them to take over my mom's garden. How big should my pots be for ideal growth? Third, what's the best way to preserve mint leaves, drying or freezing? I've had a pretty bad experience with microwave drying but is there a better way? Last question, is there a technique to growing mint so that the flavor is strongest? Some days its very strong and some others I feel like I'm just chewing on a regular leaf. thank you! TRS
You have a lot of mint questions! Here we go, so many types of mints exist, I'm not surprised that you have come across different varieties. It could even be different cultural experiences for the plants such as light or fertilizer. Pot size depends on plant size, really, but an eight- or ten-inch pot would be a good place to start. Please see the article "A Bounty of Basil: How to Preserve the Harvest" for ideas about how to dry or freeze. Mint is very similar to basil so these techniques should work. For the best flavor from herbs, resist using fertilizers and harvest the leaves before the plants flower.
 
Good day to you. I have beautiful basil, and in the last 2 days, I have noticed small black spots, with a light colour around it. What could this be?? I live in the tropics, the Caribbean and with the heat I do water daily. This has not been an issue. Also, some of the leaves look as though they have created veins, a white colour running over the leaf. Hope you know what I mean. Looking forward to your reply. Best Regards, GA
Your spots may be a fungal disease called leaf blight. As for the veins, if I understand your description, it sounds like a pest called leafminers. I suggest you look into these two possibilities. The University of California's Integrated Pest Management Program website is a good place to start.
 
The recipe I'm making calls for 1/4 cup of fresh dill, but the packaged price is a bit high. I found dill seed at a much lower price. Can this be substituted, and if so, what is the equivalent? Thank you. KP
We covered this topic in many ways during the last pickle-making season. Please see the "Fresh or Dried Q&A Page."
 
My mom and I have recently planted a jalapeno plant in our garden. We started to notice that on bottom side of the leaves on the stem little white balls have appeared. They are tiny and grow in rows along the stem of the leaf. We have scraped it off before and it is sort of cottony. The plant looks healthy, but we don't want some mysterious disease, or bug to eat our growing jalapeno. We live in NV. Please help. Thanks! ~two novice gardeners.
I have two ideas so you will have to do a bit more research. One, these white balls could be lady bug eggs. They grow in rows as you describe but I'm not sure about being cottony. A cottony insect is mealy bugs. Or it could be something else entirely. I suggest you try to find photos of white insects/eggs to compare to yours. You don't want to be killing lady bugs because they are beneficial to your garden.
 
I live in Las Vegas, NV. My landscape architect just planted creeping rosemary in our new front yard. I’m wondering if creeping rosemary is safe to use in cooking, or if it’s just for “looks.” Thank you. LP
Creeping, or prostrate, rosemary is indeed still culinary rosemary. The question here is how yours were grown. The nursery or supplier may have used chemicals to produce hardy, landscape-worthy plants so you should check the origin.
 
Hi. I planted 2 basil plants outside in CT a couple of weeks ago. They look relatively healthy, but the leaves look brownish now—not spotted brown, just tinted brown. Is this a problem, and if so, what can I do? (It did get really cold a night or two but when there was a chance for frost, I covered the plants with plastic for the night). L
Cold weather is the likely culprit although the leaves may have been bruised somewhere along the way. I would just keep an eye on the new growth as the weather warms. The plant should be okay. The brownish leaves are edible but not appetizing so you might want to discard them as the plant gets bigger.
 
Hi, I planted my sweet basil plant 2 months ago and it is growing nicely. My wife took a leaf to taste it and it tasted very bitter. Will this go away? Why does it taste so bitter? Thanks. SC
Bitterness in basil is generally associated with older plants that have been allowed to flower. It could also be the flavor of the variety that you have planted. You might want to try cooking with it to see if it retains that bitterness when combined with other foods. This is a good case for giving herb plants a little taste before you buy them.
 
I found a small amount of mint in my yard when I moved here about 6 years ago and dug it up and put it in my flower bed. I keep pulling it out and trying to get all the roots but a week are so later it is growing all over the place again. How do I stop it from growing and killing my other plants? help me if you can. JH
You are in for a long battle. You should know that mint grows from "runners" so you will want to dig as much of the roots as possible. As you pull the foliage above ground, try to dig around a bit and follow the runner to pull it out of the ground too.
 
What can I substitute for dill in a catfish receipt? The bottle in the store would last us several life times. NT
Tons of herbs and spices go well with fish. You can't get a real dill flavor from anything else except the weed or seed but you might consider adding tarragon or thyme instead.
 
Hi. I'm trying to find information about the nutritional value of herbs, and also, or should I say mainly, if they work synergistically with other foods when you add them to recipes. Do you have any info? Can you point me in the right direction? I'd really like to know if the nutritional value is more than the sum of its parts. I've recently joined a herb gardening group and would like to share any info I gather. Thanks, CF
I'm not aware of any studies that have been done on the synergy of herbs but I can point you to some nutritional information. The World's Healthiest Foods website has many herbs and spices listed if you search on the individual ingredient.
 
Is there such a thing as Pinch of Herbs seasoning? My mom used it in meat loaf and said it was out of this world. But as the years have gone by, she cannot find it any more. Would really like to surprise her with this. MI
Apparently this is a blend from Lawry's that has been discontinued. You could really surprise your mum by making up a batch yourself. I found a copycat recipe at recipezaar.
 
I don't have fresh coriander...my recipe calls for 1/2 cup fresh coriander. How much ground coriander do I use? DH
Did you know that fresh coriander is really cilantro? Ground coriander is the seed so the flavors will be somewhat different. If I were going to make this substitution I would sprinkle a half cup of fresh parsley leaves with a teaspoon of ground coriander and then chop up the parsley.
 
I have a couple of recipes out of a magazine that I would like to try to make, and it does not specify if the amount called for is before or after chopping fresh mint. (I am guessing after) In one it calls for a teaspoon of fresh mint and another a quarter cup. How do I know how much to start cutting so I am not wasteful? TD
Depending on the size of the leaf, a two-inch sprig of mint would probably give you about a teaspoon chopped. For the quarter cup I think I would just measure out that much in fresh leaves stripped from the stems and then chop them.
 
Great site - tons of information. My question has to do with cutting the mustard. Literally. I recently made a meatloaf recipe from a relative's memory. Naturally, there were no measurements. I went a little heavy on the mustard and tried to mask it by heavy-ing up on the other un-measured ingredients. Didn't work so well as mustard is so distinctive. I won't make the same mistake twice, but need to know: are there any herbs or spices that I could've added that would mellow out that mustardy goodness? Thank you so much, EM
 Aside from making a whole second batch of the recipe without the mustard to mix with the too-mustardy batch, I don't know of a way around this particular problem. In fact, I wonder if the overspiced meatloaf continued to build in heat as leftovers aged? I've noticed some dishes with chiles get hotter the longer they are around.
 
I'm from western-prairie Canada...what on God's green earth is "crab boil seasoning" and is there a substitute for it if I can't find it in Edmonton? (I can't seem to find gumbo file powder, either, but I'll try the TnT supermarket that someone mentioned...) Thanks. L
Crab boil seasoning, also called shrimp boil sometimes, is usually a little mesh bag of whole seasonings that flavor the water for cooking seafood. You might consider making your own. I found a recipe from Emeril Lagasse for seafood boil seasoning mix.
 
I have a new pineapple mint that I just repotted into a large container along with chocolate mint and spearmint. I noticed that there are white spots, even small clumps in places developing on the pineapple mint leaves. What is this, or caused this, and are my other mints in danger of contamination and therefore be transplanted? KC
If the spots are sort of cottony it could be mealy bugs. Or it could just be water damage or salt build-up. Try giving the plant a nice little water bath and see if the problem persists. If it does, you will want to separate it from the other plants to avoid spreading. You might also look into powdery mildew.
 
My new sweet basil plant has holes in the leaves and some eaten up. Is there something I can put in the potting soil or spray on the plant? Thank you for a response. BQ
You can't treat the problem until you have identified it. My first guess would be slugs and snails. The best way to discover them is to take a flashlight out at night and see if you can find the culprit.
 
How do you make bay leaf oil juice? Do you boil leaves in water? AB
I've never heard of bay leaf oil juice. Essential oils are extracted from herbs through the process of steam distillation which is something we can't accomplish at home. You might find bay leaf oil at your local health food store.
 
I am looking for recipes that use Tahini seasoning other than humus. Thank you, TD
You will find tahini as an ingredient in our Sesame Ice Cream. It is also common to salad dressings and sometimes baked goods. You will find plenty of options by Googling "tahini dressing recipes" or "tahini cookies."
 
Hi, I have an 6-7ft rosemary plant that has been in the same place for about 12 years. This year some of the branches have a brown crusty sort of stuff on them and a good part of the lowest section of them have turned gray and I believe are dying. What is the brown stuff, does the gray branches mean it is dying and how much should I cut back? I have read not to cut more than one third but there is more than that on the plant. This is the first time I have had any issue with the plant. It is beside an lilac tree and a sage bush, which neither of them as shown any sign of problems. Thank you for your time to answer this issue. CO
It's hard to say what the problem or problems might be without seeing the damage. It might be a good idea to take a sample branch to your local garden center to see if they can help you.
 
I live just north of Vancouver, BC have had my bay leaf plant in the garden for 16 years. Always very healthy until this spring I noticed the leaves all looked like they had been frozen (we did have an unusually cold winter) looking closer I see inside the tree the leaves are green but are also covered with rust. Can I do anything to save this plant? MH
It is important to determine whether your plant has suffered from winter damage or if it is actually a case of the fungal disease called rust. Chances are good that the plant can recover from the cold winter if you give it some time. You may want to snip an affected branch and take the sample in to your local Master Gardeners for a diagnosis.
 
When visiting my daughter in Sacramento, California, I see such beautiful rosemary bushes. I would like to find a perennial rosemary that would stand the cold of zone 5 in Chautauqua County, western NYS, and that would grow substantially large. The typical rosemary plant I buy at the nurseries locally are spindly and only grow a few inches. Any advice? CB
You may be out of range for the rosemary plant of your dreams. The folks at the National Arboretum have put together a list of winter hardy varieties along with tips to help plants through the winter. One alternative would be put get a large pot on wheels that you could have a nice rosemary plant outdoors in the summer and then take it inside during the winter.
 
Hi. I live in Canada in Kingston, Ontario (Thousand Island region). I think we are in the zone 5 region. I took a chance on planting an herb garden last late, late spring. Our chives have been extremely hardy over the last 10 years, so I thought perhaps I could get lucky with other herbs. Also, I love to cook from scratch and try to use only fresh ingredients, including fresh herbs. Therefore, I was motivated by the off chance I could cultivate an herb garden. The basil was tremendous, the thyme not so bad, the rosemary so, so to not bad. Now after reading your helpful responses to other gardeners mostly living in hardier sunny climes in the U.S. I was convinced you could give me some basic skills to continue my herb garden. For example: What do I do now this Spring with the dried out plants that have suffered a fairly cold winter? Do I pull out these out root and all? or will they self propagate like the chives. The chives, as expected are flourishing beautifully. But the herbs as mentioned above are well looking extremely sad. I have already planted a new crop of rosemary, basil, etc. in my makeshift indoor garden and they are coming along well indeed. I am very excited. So I went out to prepare the garden to transplant my little seedling but was confronted with last years dried out crop. Help! What should I do? Thanks ever so much. DO
You will definitely need a new basil plant since that is an annual. You could wait to see if the thyme starts putting out new leaves (the rosemary should be evergreen so it's probably done) but since you have new plants at the ready I think I would just yank out the old ones rootball and all and transplant your new herbs.
 
Hello, I recently planted a small herb garden consisting of Italian basil, oregano and garlic chives. For about a week now, I have noticed quite a few small black flies in the garden and holes in and cutouts in the basil leaves. Any idea what these flies are? They are not around the basil (at least during the day). Thanks. KH
The pest you see and the damage you see are likely unrelated. Without more information it is hard to say what the flies might be but I would guess you have some snails and/or slugs munching at your basil.
 
I have a recipe that calls for 3 Tbsp dried oregano, but I have ground. How much ground oregano would I add? It also asks for 1tsp dried thyme, but I have ground. What is the conversion factor when substituting from dried to ground? I appreciate your input! OR
We cover this a lot on the "Fresh vs. Dried Q&A Page." The easy answer is use about 3/4 as much ground as dried leaf but I have to ask: how long have you had those ground herbs? Herbs that have been ground have the shortest shelf life so if you have had them around for six months or more, I encourage you to replace them with a nice, fresh, dried leaf.
 
I'm looking for a spice that my mother used to used in making chilli. We always called it chilli tepenis a little pepper like spice that you had to crush with your fingers, very carfully as they were very hot. In reading an article in Smithsonian I learn that maybe they are chilltepens. Mom would buy them in Safeway in a box under the name of McMormick. We lived in Washington State. I have looked in Safeways and other stores but have not been able to find them since the late 70's or early 80's. Thank you. sdm
Pendery's is my go-to source for all types of chiles. I checked their catalog and they have an item called "tepin pods." Sounds like the pepper you seek. Unfortunately, I couldn't find it on their website to provide you a link so you might want to call them. The number is 800-533-1870.
 
What is the English name for yerbanise or hierbanise? I don't actually know how to spell it right. I'm told the tea is very helpful but I don't know how to ask for it. Would appreciate very much your help thanks. Please answer asap. LL
Anise seed seems to be the right answer here. Read more about this spice at "All About Anise."
 
Thanks in advance. I started planting basil, how can I kill bugs on my basil? There are lots of holes on the leaf. Please help. JA
First you have to figure out what's eating your basil. Check out the "Basil Q&A Page" as a place to start.
 
Where can I buy Schilling/McCormick Mexican Seasoning (Mild Flavor)? I'd even be happy if I could find some other brand that has a close taste or a 'Recipe' to make my own. Help!! JT
Forget about the Schilling part, it's all McCormick now. I'm not familiar with this seasoning. If it's like a chili powder blend, I can't help but if it is more of a taco seasoning, take a look at our recipe for "Taco Meat Filling."
 
Any idea what could be wrong with the garlic? I live in S. Fla and once a year in the spring, the garlic bulbs I buy don't smell/taste right. Smells almost like a very mild onion....recipes requiring a lot of smashed cloves, (Broccoli rabe, pesto, ziti) really taste bland using these bulbs. At times it's when the garlic has purplish red streaks in it and that is all the store has to offer. This time the garlic looks completely normal and white...I even purchased it from 2 diff. places...farmers market and store.. and loose as well as small boxes...they are all the same. It's not just me or my nose...my husband and kids agree and notice the taste of garlic missing from recipes. I wondered if it is something with the crops...will have to use the jarred kind until new batches come in...your thoughts? thanks, KC
Here's my theory: At this time of year you are getting the more mild "stiffneck" variety. You are accustomed to the "softneck" type that is stronger and flavor and stores better. Next year, you might want to stock up on the garlic that you prefer to get you through or maybe even consider growing your own.
 
Hi, We had a harsh winter here and my bay tree seems to have gotten frozen. The tree is about 8' high and HAD been very healthy but is now entirely covered in brown leaves? What should I do? I am wondering if I need to cut the plant way back, or is it dead? AM
This is a tree rather than an herb plant so you should consult with a certified arborist to decide on the best approach.
 
I’ve just recently had two severed allergic reaction with shrimps but I love seafood and never had a problem. Could it be the old bay seasoning? CR
Hard to say. You should take this matter up with an allergist.
 
If I added some chopped fresh garlic to store-bought pickles, how long would it be safe to store them in the refrigerator. How about if I use the garlic in the jar?
I hesitate to say for sure because you are introducing the risk of botulism. Perhaps you could look for store-bought garlic pickles instead.
 
HI, My Rosemary is about 5-6 years old at least, 4 feet tall, and has been flourishing every year. I just went out to cut some branches to bring indoors and noticed that there were a number of dead branches and the tip of every branch had needles that were a darker brown and dying. I cut off each tip, but some of the needles further down were also a dark brown. I brought in some of the dead branches and may use them in my smoker or BarBQ Grill. Any idea on what is causing the branch tips to turn brown and the branches to die? We did have a cold winter this year, but not a lot of rain or snow. Thanks, CCS
Your description fits what happened to my rosemary this winter too. I noticed some branches were dead because they had broken off under the weight of snow. In addition to the stress of the cold, your plant could be a little dehydrated as well as wind whipped. If you aren't getting much rain you might want to give it a drink but it should be okay.
 
Where can I find crabapples around the Waco TX area. I'm wanting to make crabapple jelly and cannot find any crabapples. Are they even native to this area? Thanks CG
Crabapples should grow well in your area. Perhaps you could put a notice on Craig's List or a little ad in your local newspaper's classified to find someone who has an overabundance.
 
I like your site but two of the spices I could not find the translation from Spanish to English: What is hierba buena in English? What is Malagueta in English? Thanks, SS
Yerba buena is the same as hierba buena but I realize that's not much help. This coastal plant's botanical name is Clinopodium douglasii. Yerba buena seems to refer to different plants in different parts of the world. Most often that plant is a mint. As for Malagueta, it doesn't seem to have an English nickname but the botanical name is Capsicum frutescens var. malagueta. It is similar to Tabasco peppers. Wikipedia points out that malagueta is sometimes confused with melegueta which we also know as "grains of paradise."
 
Should garlic (fresh from the produce department) be refrigerated after it has been opened or in the cupboard? Thanks for your help. E
If you mean the bulbs of a fresh head of garlic, they should be stored at room temperature. If you mean those jars of minced garlic, yes, they should be refrigerated after opening.
 
Could you please give me a recipe for a chilli paste that I can add to my cooking. We have heaps of chillis to do this with. Thank you. Kindest regards, BK
Mark Bittman has a recipe for Chili Garlic Paste that sounds easy and tasty on his blog Bitten.
 
All of my spices are hard as a rock in their containers in the closet at my RV. How do I make them usable? DK
I'm not aware of anyway to take them back to a powder once the moisture has encroached. You might be able to use a knife to break them up (be careful!) or try rubbing them on a grater. You are probably better off just starting with a fresh batch and using a product like Dry Spice to prevent future problems.
 
Hi, our family just bought a bay leaf plant (very small, maybe 10 inches) a month or so ago. The problem is, it is now spitting the honeydew substance previously mentioned in this column, also there are small white things (sort of cottony, very small, could be bugs??) covering the plant/leaves. It is early spring and we live in Massachusetts so keeping it outside may not be healthy if it happens to snow again. Please help!! G
It isn't the plant that is producing the honeydew, it's some sort of pest. You might want to do research on mealy bugs. Try to find a photograph of the bugs to compare to those on your plant. You can actually eliminate several different pests simply by giving the plant a strong blast of water.
 
I have recently discovered mint. I chop my mint roughly and put in small clip seal bags to freeze. I have noticed that the mint is black in color when I get it out. My sister in law just read an article on herbs, it said not to freeze mint. It didn't say why. Is it bad to do this and why? Thank you EM
You are bruising the mint when you chop it, thus causing it to blacken. You might want to look at the article "A Bounty of Basil: How to Preserve the Harvest." Mint and basil are similar plants so I should think the preservation techniques would be similar.
 
What happened to Schilling Mexican Seasoning? It has seemed to have disappeared from all of my local supermarkets. How can I make taco meat now? Thanks, KB
I saw a Schilling Taco Seasoning mix today in the spice aisle of the supermarket. Perhaps they renamed it? You'll find a good from-scratch recipe for taco meat on the "At Home Mexican Resturant Page."
Where on line can I buy dried anise seeds for baking? PR
You'll find links to online spice shops that we like at the "Reference Desk Page."
 
Hi, I planted some mint stems. The stems had healthy , nice , big leaves which I used in my cooking and then built the stems. In a week leaves started showing up, but they haven't become big since then. In fact this is the second time I am planting mint stem and the leaves are not growing big. How many days does it take for the mint leaves to become big and usable. Thanks, KR
Commercial growers don't take a harvest until the second year so it might be more than a matter of days before you get the large leaves you seek.
 
Was wondering if giving students a mint before taking a test actually improves concentration? Thank you. C.B.
The Wisconsin Mint Industry offers us this fun fact: "Recent research conducted at the University of Cincinnati has shown that sniffing mint improves concentration; several Japanese companies now pipe small amounts through their air conditioning systems to invigorate workers and improve productivity."
 
What can the herb feverfew be used for? What are the side affects if used wrong? W
Feverfew leaves have a laundry list of uses as a medicinal herb in history. Newer research indicates it may be helpful in the treatment of migraines. It may cause stomach upset and mouth ulcerations as well as being potentially addictive. You can learn about the current research at the Sloan Kettering Cancer Center website's informative section about herbs.
 
To make bay leaf tea can branches be boiled also? PE
I don't think I would want to include the branches. It's the leaves that have the flavor.
 
This is a wonderful resource! I'm preparing for my daughter's birthday party in May, and I want to candy spearmint leaves for her as a special surprise. I would like to make them well in advance, but I don't know how well they hold up. How far in advance can I make them, and what's the best way to store them so they maintain their candied/frosted appearance? MC
The biggest factor is humidity which can make them go limp or give you trouble getting them completely dry. Why not make some now and see how long they stay crisp? Store them in an airtight container in single layers with waxed or parchment paper between layers. I'm guessing you have already seen the article "Take Time to Stop and Eat the Flowers."
 
I have had great trouble recently acquiring Rosemary. Any suggestions why this is and is there a substitute? RI
I can't imagine why you would have trouble getting your hands on rosemary. It's been a tough winter but rosemary is a tough plant. In a pinch, you might use lavender as a substitute. They are similar in flavor.
 
What is the difference between mint and spearmint? Would you use spearmint on roast lamb? L
Mint is just a more generic term for all the different types while spearmint is specific. Spearmint is exactly what I would want for a lamb roast. Be sure to check out the article "All About Mint" for more information.
 
Hi, We live in Northern California and have four true seasons winter snow etc. and have creeping rosemary in our garden area. These have been in the ground for many years and have been thriving. They are actually quite large. However this winter it appears we have lost 98% of the plants. They just began to turn and drop all the leaves. Should I cut them back and hope they will regrow or leave the branches in hopes that they will rebloom? Thanks for time regarding this matter. SB
I've been hearing many people say they lost their rosemary to this crazy winter. I suggest you give it a bit more time to see if they will start putting out green leaves again. Once they do, if they do, you will see what is dead and can prune that out.
 
To those ANGEL DIP aficionados, I believe I have hit pay dirt. While looking online for this wonderfully addicting chip and veggie dip from the 60s and 70s, I came across a spice distributor called “Rosemary House” in Pennsylvania. They used to carry ANGEL DIP back in the day. Now, Rosemary House markets and sells this great dip as Aunt Hildegard's Divine Dip. I ordered 5 packages at $4 each. The salesclerk said that the ingredients might have been slightly altered since its first incarnation as ANGEL DIP, but reassured me I would not be able to tell the difference. I will let you know! The website is: www.therosemaryhouse.com. LD
Thanks for the heads up!
 
Hi! I’m wondering if you could tell me if it is normal for mustard seed to have a strange odour after soaking? I’d appreciate any advise you can give me on this matter. Thanks in anticipation, RM
This is an interesting question so I soaked some mustard seed and then smelled it. At first I thought, yes, that is strange, but after a few more sniffs it reminded me more of a vinegary mustard. Mustard seed has no aroma until it meets liquid.
 
When I was in Nev. this past summer I saw spreading rosemary used as ground cover, it looked beautiful. I live in central Florida and have an up right rosemary in the garden. Will the spreading/trailing rosemary grow here? So far I have had no luck finding it at any local stores. BD
The variety you seek is known as "prostrate" and should do well in your area. You might look for nurseries that specialize in rock garden plants. I did find it for sale as a plant only in my Territorial Seed catalog.
 
Where can I buy herbes de provence in Rhode Island? F
You should be able to find this French herb blend alongside the rest of the spices at a well-stocked supermarket. Gourmet stores will often sell it in nifty little crocks.
 
Does garlic go bad? BD
In my experience, garlic sort of dries up rather than going bad so to speak. It will sometimes sprout indicating it is past its prime but you can remove the sprouting center and still use the clove, if desired. Garlic is best kept at room temperature.
 
I overwatered my lavender and the stems have gotten “woody”. I have tried to let it dry out and cut the really droopy part away. The other part looked perky and then it started to droop too. What should I do? It is in a container with shells about 1.5 “ thick on the bottom for drainage. Thank you! BM
Lavender is a plant that is considered a "sub-shrub" so its nature is to get somewhat woody as time passes. You may need to prune your plant in order to reinvigorate it. Find out how and see other tip for growing lavender near the bottom of the "Lavender List 2007" article.
 
Where can I find Schilling's Swedish Meatball Packets? JC
You will find it in the envelopes with the McCormick label. The company used to sell the same line under two different names, defined by the eastern and western US, but these days it is all McCormick.
 
Hi! I have a 3 year old bay plant in the yard, leaves have brown spots that look like dried spots. Could one still use these for cooking or are these brown spotted leaves health hazards when consumed? Thank you. ZM
Leaf spot can be caused by a variety of fungal or bacterial diseases. It would be best to determine the cause, take a few affected leaves to your local garden center, before using them for cooking. While they are not likely to hurt you, especially since you don't actually eat the leaf, I think I would use the leaves without spots.
 
What is exactly Food Grade Lavender? DC
It is lavender that is grown as food so it is safe to ingest versus that grown for crafts or other purposes that may be treated with chemicals or other unsavory substances. Also, some varieties are better suited to culinary use than others. See "All About Lavender." 
 
I have tried making curry many times but it never comes out quite right. Do I mix the spices and fry them first or do I add the spices to the fried onions or does it make no difference. An answer to this and any useful hints would be appreciated. GLC
Frying the spices in oil or ghee releases essential oils. I think either way, before the onions or after, works equally well. I've seen recipes that do both. Toasting the spices in a dry skillet before grinding them will highlight their flavors. I like to use heavy cream to make the sauce but I don't know how authentic that is. I also tried a recipe once where they called for not shaking the can of coconut milk but scooping out that thickened cream that rises to the top. The curry spices were then fried along with that cream for quite some time.
 
I almost know the answer already but...I can't take real hot jalapenos and I love them stuffed with cream cheese and sausage, is it just 'take a chance' sometimes I get fresh that are milder, then the next time I can't eat them they're so hot. Is their any way to judge the heat when buying??? I sure wish there was. thanks Can't take the heat in OK. lol OE
 How hot a chile will be is determined by climate, growing conditions and the degree of ripeness, not to mention the variety. One way you might attempt to get a milder jalapeno is to look for those that are grown in cooler climates or even those that are cultivated in hot climates during the winter.
 
I planted rosemary approximately 6-8 months ago. I thought by now it would have grown outward to each side, as I've seen most rosemary bushes. Instead, all my plants have grown a couple inches upward. What did I do incorrectly or did I plant the wrong kind??? Thanks GG
It is a plant's natural inclination to grow up rather than out. To encourage a plant to be bushy instead of tall we can snip from the uppermost growth. This causes the plant to send out shoots from the side as well.
 
Where can I purchase diastatic malt powder in Houston, TX? SL
You might find it locally at a homebrewer's supply or a wholesale bakery supply house but it would probably be easier to order it online. I get mine from the King Arthur Flour website.
 
Greetings: I love the taste of Rosemary and I have a habit of grabbing a piece if I'm walking down the street and a business might have a bush growing. But sometimes I've noticed that it'll make my throat burn and I wondered if there was any harm eating Rosemary without washing it off? DL
It is a bad idea to eat any plant if you don't know how it grown or if it is not grown as a food. Landscape plantings are often treated with pesticides and fertilizers to maintain a lush appearance.
 
My recipe calls for one bunch of rosemary. It's 2 degrees outside. All I have in the house is ground rosemary. Can you help with a conversion? SW
One bunch of rosemary is a large quantity. I'm guessing it would be removed at the end of cooking. To flavor the recipe with ground rosemary, you might start with a half teaspoon or so and taste to see if you need to make adjustments.
 
Hi there. Great website. I took a cutting from my mom's mint plant, brought it home and let it root in water. I planted it and after a couple months out of nowhere, tiny black specks started appearing. They are so small and definitely not poop of any kind. I keep the plant inside on my window sill so I can't imagine it's any type of caterpillar. The leaves aren't nearly as vibrant as they were and the only leaves not affected yet are the most apical ones. I've raised these little guys for a while and am quite fond of them. Can I save them? RS
Could it be aphids? You might try just spraying them away with a strong stream of water or even squishing them with gloved fingertips. Also consider mites--do a little research on eriophyid mites to see if they match your description.
 
I have a recipe for a cleansing tonic that calls for 12 spearmint leaves - I have a bag of dried spearmint - can you tell me please how much of the dried will give me the equivalent of 12 fresh leaves? Thank you! GTM
Going with the general 1 teaspoon dried to 1 Tablespoon fresh idea, try using 4 dried leaves.
 
Hello, I would like to know how I can trim my purple sage? It is way too big and high for my small garden. JG
You can trim it like you would a shrub. Make your cuts at a spot on the stems just above a leaf pair and consider the shape of the entire plant as you go. Find out more at the article "Herb Harvest How-To."
 
Are mustard seeds good for sprouting? Are they edible? AM
According to the Sproutpeople, mustard seeds are a little more tricky to sprout than some other seeds but well worth the effort because they are delicious.
 
Are nutmeg, cinnamon and cloves considered tree nuts? AMM
The short answer is no but you should be aware that these spices may be processed for packaging at places that are also processing tree nuts and sesame seeds. I found an interesting discussion on the topic at the Allergic Living website's forum. I encourage you to talk to a health professional about this question.
 
Hi & thanks for having such an awesome resource! The people that maintain our lawn were cleaning out our flowerbeds thinking they were doing a good thing. Turns out they cut my wife’s rosemary bushes down (apparently thinking they were weeds?) at the base. The plants were about 3 feet tall and ½-3/4” in diameter at the base. Are these plants pretty much toast or is rosemary hearty enough to actually grow back from such a calamity? We live in Charlotte, NC – a very rosemary friendly place, climate-wise. Thanks in advance! CH
Oh dear. Given your location, I would bet that they will come back. It shouldn't take too long to see if new growth occurs. I am quite curious, however, so I hope you'll let us know what happens.
 
I purchased a Laurus nobilis this past summer and brought it in the house in the fall. It was doing fine, until this week, when I noticed that the leaves were curling and looking like they could fall off. I also noticed what appears to be new leaves forming just above these curling leaves. The plant is about 16 inches tall, not near any heat vents and I live in Northern Illinois. If the leaves fall off do you think new leaves will form? Please Help. Thank you. NB
Sounds like new leaves are already sprouting so it could be just a normal regeneration process. Continue to give it the same care while it's indoors but keep in mind, most houseplants are killed from too much attention rather than too little.
 
Please let me know if there is a substitute for celery seed which I I cannot find in local shops. I want to use it in a German potato salad.
Thank you,  JB
Caraway or dill seeds would be acceptable substitutes, especially for a German potato salad.
 
My wife says she saw a show where Katie Couric said that you should not use any spices that were more than 6 months old because they were a breeding ground for bacteria. As a result, she keeps wanting me to throw out all my spices and buy new ones. With all due respect to Ms. Couric as a journalist, I have looked on the web (USDA, FDA, other sites) and have been unable found any support for this claim. I myself have used spices that are over 10 years old, and they look, smell, and taste fine to me. What is your opinion? thank you, GH
My opinion is that something has been lost in translation. Flavored oils are often rife with bacteria but I've never heard of it being a problem with dried herbs and spices.
 
When I went to buy my basil plants the store had only 3 of the kind with which I am familiar - green basil. However, they also had something labeled "purple basil." Can I use this the same way I use green basil in salads, with tomatoes & mozzarella cheese or in pesto (purple pesto)? Thanks so much - I just found your web site and it is so helpful! KM
Basil is basil no matter what the color. Flavors may vary somewhat between different varieties. Give a leaf a taste and see if you like it.
 
How many cloves are in a typical bulb of garlic? I have one source tell me ten, another more than twenty. TF
I don't think there are any hard and fast rule since they vary so much by size in both the cloves and the bulbs themselves. The one I have on hand right now has about 20.
 
Where can I find Goya products in the UK? FH
I couldn't come up with a specific source but I wonder if you have any Latin or Caribbean grocers nearby. If they don't carry Goya products perhaps they could order them for you.
 
What is the shelf life of salt - Kosher salt? Thanks. DS
I checked the Morton Salt website. Here's a quote: "Does salt expire? The salt itself does not expire but added ingredients such as iodine may reduce shelf life. The shelf life of Iodized Salt is about 5 years."
 
What's the lifetime of dried spices, such as Basil, Oregano, Marjoram, etc? I have tons of it that are probably as old as 9 years! I hate to throw it away. MM
The shelf life of herbs isn't as long as that of spices. You could rub some of the leaves between your fingers to see if they still have a pleasant aroma. Although you may find them aromatic, I think you would be shocked by the difference if you did the same with some very fresh herbs. Read more at "Storing Dried Herbs and Spices."
 
hi..I am trying a recipe for Hungarian Beef Stew. It calls for 1/4 teaspoon caraway seed. What would be a alternate for this? I have no idea! thank you, I
You could use dill, cumin or anise seeds instead. Caraway seeds are yummy, however, you might want to get some.
 
Can you tell me how much dried Paprika equals 1/4 Cup of fresh Paprika? KL
This is an uncommon comparison since dried paprika is a spice and fresh paprika would be a vegetable.
 
Hi, over a months ago I was given some mint and other herbs that my friend recommended for tea, I put them in my fridge and planned to make it as soon as I could but lost it and found it only know. Is there any possibility that it is still good or would it be long gone by now? Thank you! BS
Assuming you mean dried herbs they are still good unless you see mold growing on them. If they are fresh, you'll be able to tell by sight if they are in good condition.
 
Hi...I have a jar of chopped basil that is in preservatives. I opened it two months ago and keep it refrigerated...it is still safe to use...if so, about how long can I keep that in the refrigerator? Thanks JK
If the jar doesn't have an expiration date on it and you are wondering if it's still good, you might want to go ahead and get rid of it. That's a restaurant mantra--when in doubt, throw it out.
 
Can you tell me what is the shelf life of yellow mustard seeds and how can one tell if a mustard seed is past its prime? Thanks for all the information you provide on your site. L
Your welcome. Five years would probably be a good maximum for keeping mustard seeds around. You could check to see if it is viable by crushing and mixing with a little water. If you get flavor it will still be good but remember, it might be quite hot!
 
Hi. I have a lovely basil plant which I have nurtured for over three years. The plant is about a foot and a half tall and bushy, with - until recently - lots of great big green leaves and plenty of new growth sprouting from the thick woody lower stems. It sits in a pot on a sunny kitchen window ledge. This week half the entire plant seems to have gone limp - the previously bright, firm leaves are soft, drooping and falling off. The new growth from the wood has also faltered terribly in the same way. I think it has been overwatered as bizarrely there was enough excess to drain off - presumably something has blocked the pot. My question is, what else can I do to save basil? Or is it too late to do anything? And is this actually nothing to do with the excess water and instead a sign that basil is coming to the end of its life? Please help! Thank you. ATK
You might want to remove the plant from the pot and check the roots. Sounds like it might be a case of root rot. If the roots are a nice white color, repot the plant and cut back on watering then see what happens.
 
My grandmother left me a jar of home dried bay leaves, which I used up. They were bottled with a variety of other seeds, which gave the bay leaves a wonderful and long lasting aroma/flavor. I would like to find a similar recipe for the bay leaves. ie..which seeds might be bottled with them. Do you have any information on this subject?
Thank you. CH
Since this is a home brew, so to speak, it's hard to say what was included in the mixture unless you have some of the seeds left. If you do, check out the "Spice Photos Page" to see if maybe you can identify them by comparison.
 
Terrific site – especially for those of us who are newbies! Mom prudently and prophetically taught us to “waste not, want not.” I have saved the dill flower on the stem. I’ve not seen any reference to the stem being edible, inedible, OR toxic. Is there a good/wise reason to avoid using/eating the stem? Is it toxic? The Dill Stem is visually intriguing and fragrant. If I get the green light from you, I plan to diagonally cut the stems into small pieces and mix the pieces with the blooms/seeds. BB
Dill stems won't hurt you by any means but they may be rather unpalatable. I've noticed this is the case with basil stems (see the article "A Bounty of Basil: How to Preserve the Harvest" for more info). The best way to decide if you want to include them with your seeds is to give one a nibble.
 
What is the shelf life of store bought dried spices in containers? How long do the spices keep once the container/jar is opened? JL
Most seasonings have use-by dates on them these days. They don't really go bad, just lose potency. Whole spices keep longer than those that come already ground. Generally, whole spices last for 2 or 3 years while the ground versions should be used up in 6 to 9 months for maximum flavor.
 
Can you safely repackage prepared mustard and how long will it keep. I found a great prepared mustard that I can buy by the gallon and would like to share it with some friends over the holidays but want to make sure I can safely re-package it. Can I and if so any hints and/or instructions? Thanks. RT
Once opened, commercial mustards should be stored in the refrigerator to preserve the flavorful pungency. You could certainly re-package it into impeccably clean jars with a label that suggests they store it in the fridge.
 
I have a recipe that calls for 3/4 tsp. of dried cilantro. I want to substitute the cilantro with coriander. How do I figure out how much dried coriander to substitute for the cilantro. Thanks. MH
Whenever I make this substitution I like to chop the dried coriander into a small quantity of fresh parsley. In your case, I would use 1/2 teaspoon ground coriander and 1 1/2 teaspoons of fresh parsley leaves.
 
I found that 2 Juniper berries converts to 1 tsp gin in a recipe. However, my recipe calls for 3 tablespoons whole berries. I don't know how big they are to know approx how many berries are in a tablespoon. I need to know how much gin to use for 3 tablespoons whole berries. thanks so much! LJG
I measured out 1 tablespoon of berries and counted more than 50 in varying sizes. According to the 2 berries to a teaspoon of gin method, this would work out to about 1/2 cup of gin. Three tablespoons whole juniper berries seems like a lot in any recipe. As you make this substitution I urge you to consider whether the whole berries make it all the way into the final dish or are removed (as if in a marinade, for instance) at some point; you might not want to use that much of a liquid flavoring.
 
Can you tell me what spice I may use in a recipe to substitute Mace? SS
Nutmeg is a suitable substitution for mace. Find out why by reading the articles "All About Nutmeg" and "All About Mace."
 
How much lemon extract do I use instead of lemon peel? SA
One teaspoon of extract will stand in for 2 teaspoons of zest.
 
Does anyone know an online resource for Chimole? Thanks P
From what I understand, chimole is a cooked chicken dish. I wonder if you are actually looking for the recardo that is a component of this dish? We have covered this subject on the "Where Can I Find?" page.
 
I recently purchased some ground mustard powder at a high quality Indian market and used it to make a sweet-hot honey mustard with eggs. Most of the recipes I reviewed were similar, but used Coleman's mustard powder. The resulting mustard (which was cooked and then refrigerated) is bitter and flat tasting after several days of refrigeration. It's inedible. Is there a significant difference between the Indian mustard powder and Coleman's? Does the bitterness improve with age? Most of the recipes indicated that the mustard could be used the following day. Not this one! Thank you for your help. AK
What most references call Indian mustard is the brown seed while Coleman's is the yellow, although technically called white seed. If you wanted to try the recipe again you might give the mustard a soak in the liquid ingredients for a couple of hours before cooking with the eggs. This would allow the enzymes time to develop thus creating a less bitter, more flavorful, mustard.
 
Where can I find Schilling country gravy mix? HA
You should be able to find it at most any supermarket but it will be labeled McCormick now, rather than Schilling.
 
Hi, I’ve noticed a lot of questions on your site asking about yellowing leaves on basil plants. My problem is not so much that the leaves are turning fully yellow, but that there are some leaves that have started to develop yellow spots on them. The spots seem to develop anywhere on the leaves – in clusters on the edge, or near the vine, etc. The plant still looks pretty healthy other than these spots. I’ve been checking the plant for any bugs, but can never seem to find any. What could be the problem? Thanks. ST
Rather than bugs, your basil may have some sort of a disease. It's hard to tell without seeing the plant. You might be able to head off the problem with a simple application of fertilizer; sometimes yellowing is a signal of a mineral deficiency.
 
Does anyone have the recipe from the anise extract box for “anise pillows”? I got it from the box approximately 29 years ago. Can you help? CS
I did a search for "anise pillow recipes" and came up with many versions. Perhaps if you browsed through a few of them you would find one that's familiar. Apparently these cookies are also called "Pfeffernusse."
 
Can you tell me how long I can freeze dried herbs and still use for dips, etc.? How long do packaged dip mixes last? DK
There is really no reason to freeze dried herbs. They are already preserved and freezing introduces unnecessary moisture. As for the packaged dips, it depends on the individual ingredients. If it's nothing but herbs and spices they will last for years but if there are things like powdered dairy products or something they should have an expiration date on the label.
 
What is grainy mustard? DH
This is a type of prepared mustard where the seeds are coarsely ground rather than worked into a smooth powder. It usually refers to a brown or Dijon-style mustard.
 
Recently, I saw a receipt that called for 1 blade of mace. How much is this in teaspoons? Thank you. CPG
That's a little complicated because mace blades are all different sizes. If you mean of ground mace, I think a good pinch would suffice. If you mean maybe crumbled blades, I would go with a quarter of a teaspoon or even a little less.
 
I live in California and my wife swears by the seasoning salt brand Teasoning. Where can I find it either in California or by mail? MG
I'm thinking they don't make it anymore. Apparently it came from the same company that made "Angel Dip" and no one seems to be able to get that either. See the "Where Can I Find Q&A Page" for the full discussion and possible leads.
 
Can you microwave garlic ? My husband is on the road a lot and cooks in his motel room. Can the microwave roast garlic ? Thank you very much. DB
You can buy little terra cotta garlic roasters (search our Mini-Mall) that can be used in the microwave. I've never tried one before and I suspect you might get a similar texture as oven roasting but it will come out more steamed or baked than roasted.
 
Can you tell me the equivalent conversion chart between cumin seed vs cumin powder? JC
I just ground up one teaspoon of cumin seeds and ended up with a heaping teaspoon of powder.
 
Gentlemen, I will be ever so grateful if you can solve my problem. I make a family recipe mustard, it has flour in it which makes it too thick for my taste, otherwise it is very good. Most mustards that I see have no flour, but still have a nice texture? I don't think the flour affects the flavor. To remove it will lessen the volume significantly? and maybe make it a lot stronger, although it's strong now. Please help thank you. JS
The only recipe that I have seen with flour is to make a mustard plaster for when you have a cold. Removing the flour from your recipe will reduce the volume. If you let mustard sit at room temperature while aging it will become more mellow. Depending on your taste, it could take a month or more.
 
Hello; I live in San Clemente, Ca and I've been using so much basil in my cooking lately that I decided to buy a plant. It's sweet basil and I've noticed the longer I have it the more curled up the leaves get....not to mention they're huge. It has a wonderful flavor. My question is this, if I keep pinching the plant back so that no flowers bloom will the basil stay this good or does it get bitter as the plant gets older? I've read about taking cuttings and rooting them to keep the same plant growing, but nothing about keeping the same plant. thank you and I really enjoyed reading your question and answers page, but I didn't see anything about this. JPH
Basil is an annual so the flowers signal your plant is nearing the end of its growth cycle, or life. You can prolong the lifespan by pinching off the flowers and it shouldn't get bitter but it will die off.
 
Hi, I have a beautiful potted Basil plant in my back yard, something is eating the leaves, I would like to bring it inside for the winter, What do I do? thanks, GG
It is helpful to bring it in through stages. Start by putting it into a warmer place like a garage or unheated room with good light for a couple of days before bringing it all the way indoors. Once inside, make sure it gets plenty of sun and resist the temptation to water it too much. Let the first couple of inches of soil dry out between waterings.
 
I have a bay tree and a laurel tree, what the difference, the bay leaf are about 6inch long, the laurel are about 10 inch long, can you use both in cooking? Please help. VAL
This is where it is important to know botanical names. Laurus nobilis is the culinary bay leaf, although Umbellularia californica bay laurel is considered by some to be similar in taste. Other laurels such as the one known as daphne, or mountain laurel and cherry laurel may be toxic if ingested. Be sure to identify both trees before using their leaves in the kitchen.
 
Making Hummus and I could only find a 15 oz can of tahini, no jars that I could screw back the top, anyway, once I have opened this can, do I have to refrigerate the tahini or just put it on the shelf? What is the shelf life as there is no date on these cans, I looked through them all. I use only 1/4 of a can at a time, last time I threw the whole can after I used it, such a waste. Please tell me how to store after opening. Thank you. SD
I would transfer the tahini to a glass jar or plastic container and store it in the refrigerator for no more than six weeks. It is easier to work with if you bring it to room temperature before using. Check out our recipe for Tahini Ice Cream for help in using it up!
 
I have two bay laurel plants in pots that I bring indoors in the winter. One of them is covered in honeydew, and the backs of the older leaves have many 3-4 mm oval things on them. Are these aphids? Or aphid eggs? None of them move-they seem to be stuck in the honeydew. I am wondering if I should discard this plant, to prevent my other plants from becoming infested. MB
I suggest you do an image search on Google to see if aphids look like your pest. If they are aphids, you can probably get rid of them by spraying the affected areas with a strong stream of water. You might want to do this several times before bringing it indoors.
 
Hi, I have a question about my Thai Basil plant. It appears very lush and healthy; the leaves are nice and green, no holes, no bugs etc. The stems started to look a little strange though, the bottom several inches are woody and reddish, which swirls into a not as woody yellowish color section for the next next couple inches, then it goes back to woody reddish brown to the top of the plant. Is the yellowish part new growth or a disease or indication of something wrong with the plant? Thanks! JN
Basil plants will become a bit woody when they are getting older. Unless the yellow section is soft and mushy, I wouldn't worry too much, especially since the plant seems to be thriving.
 
My Boyfriend and I made green chili and he put like 4 cloves of fresh garlic in. The green chili came out really bitter. Could that be from the garlic? Maybe we should cook the garlic next time? Was the garlic not fresh perhaps? Or is there perhaps some other reason that it tasted so bitter? AH
Garlic will turn bitter if it is cooked too long and burns but since you used it raw I would say maybe it is old. Could it have been some other ingredient?
 
I am finding this slimey stuff on the underside of the basil leaves, it is gross. Do you have any idea what is causing this? GMG
It is likely the tell-tale sign that slugs or snails are visiting your plant during the night.
 
What is in a pickling spice bag? MH
Ingredients vary by manufacturer but they usually contain mustard seeds, cloves, peppercorns, allspice and bay leaves. Others may include different spices like cardamom, cinnamon, ginger, coriander or chiles. The seasonings are often whole or in coarse pieces.
 
Hi! Can you help me out? I see "a bunch" of herb "X" listed in many recipes. How does one determine the literal volume or weight of " a bunch"? For example I had a recipe today that asked for "a bunch" of mint. I picked it and de-stemmed it. After finely mincing the leaves, I had a loosely packed dry measuring cup. Is that "a bunch" of mint? It is confounding to say the least! If I go to my herb garden and get " a Bunch" of a fast growing herb I would bring back a whole lot more of it than if I went out to get " a bunch" of a slow growing herb.... Help, if you can! Thank you so much in advance! CB
My go-to guide for this sort of question is Jerry Traunfeld's  The Herbfarm Cookbook . He defines a small bunch: "A small handful of sprigs, a little less than an inch in diameter, three to four inches long and about one-half ounce by weight." A large bunch is "a medium-size handful of sprigs, about 1 1/2 inches in diameter and one ounce by weight."
 
This spring I bought a small plant of Thai Coriander from a local garden centre and potted it up. I’ve used it in a few recipes – I find it suits the stronger tasting meal components really, such as Guajarati vegetables as an accompaniment to Asian meals. A feature of the herb is that it very quickly droops when dry – it’s a very good indication of when I’ve been a little lax in watering my herb pots! Can anyone tell me if this herb can be overwintered outside, or do I need to bring it indoors? Great website – a new herb grower I fully appreciate the help it gives. RS
I wasn't familiar with Thai coriander but when I Googled it I discovered that I know it as culantro. The botanical name is Eryngium foetidum but it is known around the world by many names. You don't say where you live but unless it stays quite warm you will probably want to bring it indoors. This is a tropical biennial plant, meaning that it will grow the foliage one year and the next it will produce flowers. Upon flowering, you will want to save some seeds for your next crop.
 
Hi, I love your website. This summer I planted 3 types of basil, and I am hoping to plant more varieties of basil this next summer. How long does basil seed lasts before it loses its longevity and needs to be replaced? SD
Good question. I wasn't sure so I surfed around for awhile. The best answer I can come up with is 1 to 3 years. You can test for viability by placing a small amount of the seed into damp paper towels for a few days. If they begin to sprout, you know they are good to go.
 
I have tried to make my own candied ginger with disastrous results. Apparently you need very young ginger or some variety called stem ginger. Do you know where I can buy stem ginger, or fresh ginger that is very young, in the Toronto area? Many thanks, MP
Check in at your favorite Asian market. Stem ginger has tell-tale pink tips and a very thin skin. It also goes by many names like young ginger and spring ginger.
 
Where can I buy the roasted/dried/toasted garlic they put in the olive at Johnny Carino’s? Where can I buy whole pickled pears (they look kind of reddish)? Thanks so much!! Any help you can give me would be great!! WM
A: I found something that sounds similar to the garlic bits you describe at the Garlic Company's website. I didn't find a common source for the pickled pears but I did find many recipes to make your own when I searched on the subject.
 
Hi there, I have a Swedish recipe for ginger bread cookies and am unable to find a translation anywhere for; CEDROOLJA or for POMERANSSKAL and I also wonder what the measurement KRYDDMÅTT means. I would really appreciate if you can help me out with an English translation. Thank you, MHB
I think that cedroolja might be lemon peel. Pomeransskal seems to be bitter orange. Kryddmått is an old usage of a term for a volume of about one milliliter which is .2 of a teaspoon (a scant quarter teaspoon). Thanks for helping me learn more about Swedish recipes!
 
I have dill in my garden. What part of the plant do I use to make my own dill weed? How long do I dehydrate it in my dehydrator to make homemade dill weed? CN
The feathery leaf of the dill plant is referred to as dill weed. I'm afraid I don't have a food dehydrator so I can't offer specifics on timing.
 
I purchased a basil plant and was wondering if there was a possibilty that I was sold cut-off from an older plant. How can I know? F
Interesting food for thought. I'm not sure how you would be able to tell if your plant is a cutting or not. Any growers out there who would care to enlighten us?
 
Hi, I have a rosemary plant approximately 6 months old and I've noticed that one of the main branches and its subsequent branches appeared broken open in areas revealing patches of small bumps. I have pruned the offending branch, but was wondering what could have caused this to happen. Thanks. JT
It's nearly impossible to say without actually having seen it but perhaps there was winter/spring-related damage from temperature fluctuation or some other bark injury before you got it.
 
Hello! I’ve had an established rosemary plant outside my home for at least three years. A few weeks ago I noticed small white hard lumps on it, each about the size of a half grain of rice… when I pulled one off, it appeared to “bleed” and even smeared a “blood colored” substance on the paper. I waited and did not see a bug or anything emerge from the small lump… what am I looking at and do I have to dig out my rosemary to save my other plants (tomato, basil, sage etc). Thanks! VF
I want to say that it might be an insect called "scale" but I'm not aware of them bleeding. Scale usually appear on the bark of the main stem and can sometimes be eradicated by wiping them off with cotton balls soaked in rubbing alcohol. Please do look into this insect further before taking any action.
 
Hi there, Great site! I noticed several people asking questions about which mint to use in making Mojitos. While spearmint will work fine, Richter's sells the actual 'Mojito Mint', which has been imported from Cuba. I bought some last year and can attest that there is absolutely no comparison between a Mojito made with spearmint and one made with the proper Mojito mint. Mojito mint has a distinctly different taste than other mints and is essential in creating an absolutely divine, completely authentic tasting Mojito. For anyone searching to replicate the taste of a proper Cuban Mojito, or anyone that's interested in discovering the true art of the drink, I highly recommend investing in a Mojito mint plant or plug from Richter's! Sincerely, CF
Thanks for the heads-up on a new herb. Mentha x villosa is the botanical name, according to Richter's, but this information may lead to more confusion that clarity. At least it did for me when I Googled it! I did find the listing you mention on the Canadian firm's website and offer a link.
 
Whenever I chop, mince or work with peeled garlic cloves; by fingers get very sticky and I have to rinse them under running water so that I can continue. What can you do to prevent sticky fingers? On cooking shows they mince and chop garlic and do not rinse their hands afterwards. What's up with that? Thank you very much. PS
I've noticed this sticky situation pops in my kitchen sometimes, too. I have a couple of ideas for you. Invest in a garlic press and you won't even have to touch it or try spraying your fingertips with a little cooking oil spray. Just be very careful as you handle the knife that it doesn't slip out of your hand! As for the TV chefs, you never know, the part where they rinse their hands might have been edited out.
 
I let my dill go to seed, but I'd like to still use and/or preserve it. I brought it in and rubbed the seed off the heads. It appears to be a flat seed. Is that too dried out, or is that what dill seed is? It looks kind of like a husk of something rather than a whole round seed. Maybe it's too far gone? SS
Dill seeds are indeed flat. Follow this link to a photo of dill seeds.
 
Hi; I bought Tumeric organic spice. As a first time user, how do you use it. Is it best on vegetables, rice or meats. How much curcumin should the tumeric powder contain to be at its best? Thank you for your reply. HGS
Read everything I know about the subject at "All About Turmeric." Without the power of chemistry I can't imagine how you would find out the curcumin content. I did a little surfing and learned that it is usually between 3 and 4 percent of the dry weight.
 
Thank you in advance. Recently I discovered black droppings (?) slightly larger than poppy seeds but just as hard near my "herb garden" on my windowsill in New York City. They're all doing great. I have lavender, basil, rosemary, lemon balm, sage and thyme. Something tells me lemon balm might be somehow the culprit as the seeds always collect near that one, but I'm not sure.
Any hints? Many thanks again for your time. EB
Black droppings on plants are often just what they look like. Droppings from some sort of an insect. Since all your plants are doing well and you don't see any damage it's hard to tell what it might be. Just to check on your lemon balm theory, I went out and shook some of my branches that are in full bloom. Nothing resembling seeds or otherwise fell into my waiting hand.
 
I have growing (in the ground) chocolate mint. There are tiny almost black specks on them that are so small I can't tell if it is a bug or part of the plant. I can scape it off with my fingernail. What do you think? If it is an insect could I use a organic Safer's like spray on the plant? RF
My first impulse is to suggest that you have caterpillar or some other insect droppings but it could be any number of things. Before you spray any time for anything is important to evaluate if it's really necessary. Consider these factors: What is the true problem and if it is an insect, is it listed on your insecticide label? Could you remove the pest by hand? Is there any real damage? If so, is it more than fifty percent of the foliage putting the plant in peril? Or is the damage unsightly and you don't like it?
 
I planted several herbs that I have read need to be baked or dried in a dehydrator. But a friend of ours who is a chef fries his in the oven. All I have read has said that it loses its flavor. What is the best for drying basil, oregano and parsley? Thank you for your help! Km
Please see the articles "Look What I Made: An Herb Drying Rack" and "A Bounty of Basil: How to Preserve the Harvest."
 
Each year I grow basil in a pot on my deck in Massachusetts. Each year I have great success. I recently harvested some basil for pesto that was wonderful. However, yesterday I harvested healthy looking leaves to cut up for placement on a grilled pizza. I harvested the basil and chopped it immediately after harvest. Approximately 20 minutes later when I went to place it on the pizza it had started to turn a bit black in spots. Do you know why this happened? Thanks, DCM
You may have bruised it in the process of chopping or used a carbon-based knife. Basil is like lettuce in this respect. Many people recommend gently tearing the leaves rather than using a knife.
 
We had a garden in Kansas and raised dill. I have a gallon jar, sealed tightly, with the seed & stalk. It still smells like dill, but it has been 14 years. My husband says use it, but I'm afraid to although it still smells like dill. What would be your suggestion? EJR
Fourteen years is a long time. I don't think it would hurt you to eat it but if it makes you uncomfortable, why would you?
 
I'd picked over two pounds of unblemished basil, put it in the refrigerator for less than 24 hours and it wilted and turned brown. Is it safe to make pesto with it and what should I do to prevent this from happening again? PK
Your basil got too cold, most likely. Anything under 50 degrees and it's toast! It is safe to make pesto with although the color may not be as bright. A better way to keep basil is on the counter with the stems in water, as you do for flowers.
 
For four years my bay leaf plant has been growing in a 6" pot. Lately all the leaves are curling, turning brown and dropping. My plant is a skeleton, yet the branches appear healthy. What are the growing conditions for a bay leave plant? PK
Bay laurel likes a basic potting soil mix with good drainage, quite a lot of sunshine and a yearly feeding. It's easy to overwater but you don't want it to dry out completely either. Your plant might enjoy a new, larger pot with some fresh soil. Six inches is pretty small for a four year old plant.
 
Hi, my husband and I grow chilies. If you happen to get chili in your eyes (from rubbing your fingers mistakenly), rub your hair or someone s hair across
your eye. The oil in hair helps neutralize the burning. We enjoy your site. We will have a site up and running soon. It is called nmoutdoors.com based out of Farmingon, NM. DA
Isn't that unusual? I will have to remember that trick! Best of luck with your own site, we'll be watching for it.
 
My recipe calls for adding dried herbs and simmering for another two hours. But what if I want to add fresh herbs instead? When do I add? At the beginning or when the recipe calls for the dried herbs? MO
Actually, you will want to add the fresh herbs during the last ten minutes or so of the final cooking time. If it is a large quantity of herbs, you might consider adding half of them when the recipe calls for the dried and then the remainder in the last ten minutes.
 
Hi there- We planted two rosemary bushes on the ground that we bought from the nursery about a month ago. Both bushes don’t look too good as their leaves are curled, look dull, and not so green (small specs of yellow). The bottom branches have dried out and so were the leaves on it. Before planting, we tested our drainage and water seems to drain ok. We’ve only been watering twice at most three times a week at this time. All the other plants that we planted next to it are doing very well. The rosemary does not seem to have any sort of infestation at all. We also don’t notice spurt of new growth. Any idea what condition our rosemary might be in? Thanks for your help!! PD
Your plants may just be suffering a bit of transplant shock but I'm also concerned about root rot or crown rot. Rosemary is susceptible to these fungal conditions. Gently move the soil away from the stem at ground level and see if it looks healthy or sort of blackish. You might also cut back on the watering a bit. Check about three inches down into the soil to see if it really needs water.
 
I recently found a recipe for a "grunt" that calls for chai seasoning; the article says it's sold under the McCormick label. I've not been able to locate it. Any suggestions where to find it, or what spices equal chai? Thank you! KR
That sounds delicious! I didn't find a match when I search McCormick's site for "Chai spices." You might check Indian markets or well-stocked health food stores. Chai spices are like curry powder in that everyone likes to make it differently. I'm happy with a blend of cardamom, cinnamon, orange and nutmeg but you might also add ginger, cloves or even black pepper. See the proportions I use to make a pot of Spiced Coffee on the Pantry Basics Page.
 
Can you use the mint when it is blooming the purple flowers…if so do you use the purple flower or tear it off when you make your tea? GL
Your mint will be more flavorful if you snip the leaves just before the blooms open but you can use it anytime, flowers and all.
 
Hi, I have three beautiful basil plants in my yard. Lately they are turning yellowish. What does that mean and does it change the taste? I would like to know if it is bitter or will ruin my tomato sauce. Thank you, DN
Maybe your plants would like a dose of fertilizer. If the older leaves are yellowing first it could be a nitrogen or potassium deficiency; if the newer leaves are yellowing first it could be an iron shortage. The best way to find out if the leaves are bitter is to give them a taste.
 
Hi…Does fresh pressed garlic in olive oil go bad? How long is the shelf life after you have pressed garlic into olive oil? AND once I have pressed it into the olive oil what is the best way to store it and for how long? Does it last long in the pantry or refrig?
Thank you, GB
We have covered the safety of flavored oil recently on the Cooking Q&A Page. You will also find a link there for more information. Garlic is one of the main culprits for the introduction of bacteria into oils. It's best not to keep it for more than a day or two.
 
I grow lavender in my yard and would like to use it in cooking. Which part of the plant should I use when the recipe calls for lavender? Must it be dried first or may I use it fresh like I do my other herbs? GG
It's the flower buds that recipes are looking for. Please see the article "All About Lavender" for more information.
 
Hi, I just read through your q and a and didn't see my question asked. Can you tell me how long basil lives? I have it growing in an aero garden so it should live as long as it possibly can. It's been growing since January and I still have to harvest it every other day. Also now that I'm thinking about it. Do you know of any food producing plants that live for years? Thank you! KL
Basil is an annual plant with a typical life cycle of one year but I have heard of plants lasting far longer than that in the right conditions. Most of our favorite herbs will last for years, like oregano, tarragon and rosemary. Other perennial vegetables are rhubarb, asparagus and artichokes.
 
How much ground cinnamon is equal to 1 cinnamon stick? JB
One 2-inch cinnamon stick would probably yield about a tablespoon of ground cinnamon. Be careful if you are thinking of substituting the ground version in a recipe that calls for a stick, however. Usually you would just steep the stick to get the flavor and then remove it not necessarily netting a full tablespoon's worth of flavor.
 
Hi: If a recipe calls for 1 T of fresh grated ginger (not available where I am) what is the equivalent dried? JD
Ground dried ginger is not a suitable substitute for freshly grated. You are better off using crystallized ginger that has been rinsed to remove the sugar. The Cooks' Thesaurus suggests 1/4 cup minced crystallized ginger is equal to 1 tablespoon of freshly minced ginger.
 
This evening I picked a colander full of basil, trying to get what the bugs hadn’t touched. About an hour later, I began plucking and cutting (with scissors) good leaves off to wash. After washing the leaves and spinning them out in my salad spinner, I looked through the basil, and to my amazement, noticed purple splotches on almost every leaf. Either I’m going crazy, or those spots appeared after I washed and spun the basil! Can you tell me if this is possible? Thank you. MH
Basil is a tender herb and I'm afraid it sounds like you bruised yours up in the salad spinner.
 
I just purchased a dozen 71/2 OZ jars of "Mr. Hot Mustard." "Best If Used By 9/4/09." After that date I assume the "hot" effect is not as strong. However, can the product be safely consumed after the date indicated and, if so, how much longer? BA
We talk about this on the More Tips and Hints Page. Please see the Cook's Tip titled "Mustard."
 
Where can I purchase Paprika Paste in the Ft Lauderdale, Fl area? MB
You might look for it at a local shop that carries European products but I'm thinking you will need to order it online. La Tienda has it in jars from Peru. I wish I had picked some up when I was in Hungary.
 
I have searched for fresh dill at the supermarket produce section but have not been successful in my search. Next year I plan to grow my own but until then I need to make dill pickles...I have used dill weed in the past but have now found dill seed. If I am reading correctly I should use less dill seed than I did weed (although I understand they not necessarily interchangeable!). Do you have an equivalency (or a best guess) on how much dill seed would substitute for a dill head? And since I am evidently not the only one having trouble, maybe I have found my cottage industry niche! Thanks~JM
About 3/4 of a teaspoon dill seeds would be equivalent to an average dill head. Judging by the amount of mail we get on this subject, I think you are correct about finding a good cottage industry.
 
Can dill weed be substituted for fresh dill sprigs? What is the formula for substitution? BS
Assuming that you mean dried dill weed, you won't get as much flavor but you could use about 1/4 teaspoon dried dill weed to equal a four-inch sprig of dill.
 
How much dill weed equals 1 dill head? Also how much chopped garlic equals 1 garlic clove? KB
A head of dill is actually composed of dill seeds. Please see the question above. One clove of garlic is generally considered to equal 1 teaspoon chopped.
 
My recipe for watermelon pickles calls for oil of clove and oil of cinnamon. But I only have whole cloves and cinnamon sticks or ground cinnamon. How can I use a conversion? P
Spice oils are quite strong so you may not get the same results by using the whole spice. You would still get a nice flavor by using 2 or 3 whole cloves and one cinnamon stick per jar.
 
Can a peppermint leaf be eaten straight off of the plant? If so, how much at a time? KB
There's nothing wrong with peppermint right off the plant and I'm not aware of any limits.
 
Hi, Great basil Q&A website! Do you have others for other herbs? I grew some basil from seed, they've grown well in a small container with no drainage hole. I know there should be a hole, but the plants have been doing fine. There are about 5 plants, each about 6-8 inches tall, growing close together with some parsley next to it which is growing slowly. The basil leaves on the bottom have turned yellow, but that's only on the bottom. Why? Should I cut those off and transplant the plants to bigger containers with drainage holes? I'm afraid they're too close together. But I'm also afraid to break the roots if I try to dig them up and separate them. Advice? I live in Zone 7, I believe. Thanks!! TF
Check the Question Quick Find Page for other Q&A's by subject. As for the basil, the leaves may be turning yellow because the plants have "wet feet," a result of the lack of drainage. They sound like large plants that probably should be separated and repotted. Just use a gentle hand to pull the roots apart and make sure the new holes are wide enough to accommodate the root ball.
 
How long can you safely store mint sugar? The recipe I have calls for fresh mint leaves layered in sugar. Put in glass container and set in a dark, cook place. I'd like to make some for Christmas gifts, but it is summer and the mint is fresh now. I live in Denver and our outdoor growing season is short. NT
I don't think that you would want to keep the mint leaves in the sugar until Christmas. If you could get the flavor into the sugar and then remove the leaves seems like it would last as long as regular sugar.
 
In 1910 my grandmother brought large leaf basil seed with her from Sicily when she came to the U.S. The seed was saved every year from the next Spring planting. After mom and dad have passed away it has been my job to continue the planting every year. I've been successful until this year. I planted over 300 seeds and 3 have germinated. I believe the problem was due to the lack of bees doing the pollination. I want to make sure to get good seed this year. How do you hand pollinate sweet basil? Thank you, PV
Talk about heirloom plants! If pollination had been the problem you wouldn't have gotten the seeds so it must be something else. Since you have done all of this before, I wonder what conditions might be different. Could be that the seeds were planted too deep or the temperature was too cool. They should be just barely covered with soil and needs at least 75 degrees or a little higher.
 
I think my rosemary plant has spittle bugs. What would you suggest to get rid of the spittle bugs and white foam? After getting rid of the bugs and foam, would the rosemary be safe to use in cooking, or would the spittle bug eggs still be likely to be in/on the plant, and could they become like a parasite for humans? Thanks, D.
Spittle bugs are mostly harmless. You could try just washing them off the plant with a strong stream of water. I wouldn't be worried about the rosemary being safe but if it makes you more comfortable you could just wash it well before using.
 
Hi. My basil plant has problems. Wherever I have pinched off anything, the stem has become split and unhealthy looking. Part of my problem is that I may be harvesting incorrectly. I was pinching off the top of the main stem. Am I supposed to be pinching off the stem of the individual leaves instead? I would really love to see a diagram or video to show where I should be cutting. But maybe it is a pest or fungus that is just attacking the plant at its weak spots. Thanks for any help. CB
Pinching from the main stem is fine and will help the plant become more bushy. You can also snip from the side leaves. The key is to use something sharp and take the clipping from just above a place where leaves are emerging on a stem.
 
I found some fresh mint in the yard and I was wondering how much it sells for if I was wanting to sell it in my produce stand? JT
I would check around and see what other vendors, like at the supermarket and the farmers' market, are charging for bunches of herbs.
 
Here is a story your site and readers may enjoy: When my grandchild Ruby was 3 years old, she overheard a conversation I was having with her mother one morning. Mother asked me to sniff the odor of a new herbal medication she had been prescribed; I told her it smelled like asafoetida. At which Ruby piped up to say, No it doesn't, it smells like fenugreek. her mother and I burst out laughing--was there another 3 year old in the US who knew what fenugreek smells like? But the she lives in San Francisco, the land of infant gourmets. MN
Thanks for sharing your story with us. I can't help but wonder how many grown-ups in the US know what fenugreek smells like.

see more questions and answers
or even more questions
and still more questions

 
 

back to top

 


Quote of the Week:

  

"When you have only two pennies left in the world, buy a loaf of bread with one, and a lily with the other." --Chinese proverb
 

 

 

MONTHLY e-mail updates let you know what's new at this site as well as herb and spice news and the latest on the home office garden. Plus a recipe just for subscribers. Click Here to sign up now!






Related Items:

see all items...

Basil Lover's Guide book

Basil: An Herb Lover's Guide Consider this book your roadmap to the beloved herb. Your gardening and cooking can really take off.

 

Backyard Herb Garden book  Your Backyard Herb Garden Learn herb gardening from the ground up, literally, with the help of a knowledgeable teacher and gardener. 

 

 

The Herb Society of America's Essential Guide to Growing and Cooking With Herbs  Straight from the experts with a bonus chapter of stunning photos and information about the National Herb Garden in Washington, D.C.

 

Basil to Thyme  From the garden to the table, think of this as an instruction manual.

 

Favorite Recipes with Herbs book

Favorite Recipes with Herbs This collection of recipes gathered from herb farmers and herb shop owners provides the inspiration to try something fresh and new.

 


50 Flavored Oils and Vinegars    The Best Fifty Flavored Oils and Vinegars  Unusual tastes, different recipes, this collection delivers on the title promise.

 

The Organic Gardener's Handbook of Natural Insect and Disease Control: A Complete Problem-Solving Guide to Keeping Your Garden and Yard Healthy Without Chemicals  Our go-to guide for dealing with things that wiggle and squirm or make our plants sick.

 

Simply Vanilla: Recipes for Everyday Use There is more to this luscious spice than just dessert. Learn the secrets to enhancing all of your dishes with a little something extra.

 

Quick & Easy Thai: 70 Everyday Recipes Now everybody's favorite take-out menu is easy to prepare at home in a flash.

 

The Spice and Herb Bible This site's readers loved the first edition of this book. Comprehensive information about all your favorite seasonings.

 

On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen  Any professional chef will tell you, this may be the most valuable tool in your kitchen.

 
 

privacy policy

  
Copyright 1999-2009  A Pinch Of... All rights reserved